Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky was born on 11 November 1821 to Dr. Mikhail Dostoevsky and Maria Dostoevskaya. From a young age, Fyodor was soaked in fantasy, religious reverence, and tragedy. The Dostoevsky family home was located on the grounds of the Mariinsky Hospital for the Poor. This area was a lower-class district in Moscow. Growing up in a lower-class neighborhood, the young Dostoevsky was subject to many disturbing sights and events. Most of these traumatic events would later be recounted in his novels.
Dostoevsky’s Climb To Literary Fame
Dostoevsky, like most great writers, fell in love with literature at an early age. At a time where he would not have known his love for the stories of dragons, fairies, and knights was to be called a passion for literature. Dostoevsky would not be able to actualize this love until a much later age. He had joined the military as an engineer. Where he earned a handsome wage for both his service and from his side job translating books, it was at this time where he took his first stab at writing something of his own.
Fyodor Dostoevsky grew to literary fame after writing his novel Poor Folk. This book, primarily written for the purpose of making money, became his way into the literary community. After the publication of the book, he gained entrance and joined a literary group that discussed banned books that criticized Tsarist Russia. As a result of being a part of this group, he was arrested in 1849 and sentenced to death. Just before his execution, his sentence was commuted, and he was sent to a Siberian prison camp for four years before being forced into six years of military service in exile.
After his imprisonment and military service, he became a journalist. He traveled across western Europe and picked up a gambling addiction along the way. It was this gambling addiction that eventually resulted in his immense financial hardship. It would be sometime before he would go from a begging man to one of the most celebrated Russian writers of all time. Along the way, he would undergo the death of a child, one failed marriage, and extreme political pressure.
Books Written By Fyodor Dostoevsky
Dostoyevsky, regardless of his terrible circumstances, persevered and produced a large volume of works. Each of his works covers topics in the areas of Psychology, Philosophy, and Christianity. It can be said of him that he never produced a work that lacked profundity. If he put pen to paper, he always said something that mattered. None of his works are trivial. That being said, I will list the books written by him that have become staples in our literary tradition and should be required reading for anyone with eyes.
Notes from Underground (1864)
Summary Courtesy of GradeSaver.com
This novel expressed the liberal ideals of the 1860s, insisting that the spread of reason would eventually lead to a perfect world. In the Notes, Dostoevsky attacks this idea as overly naive. He opposes the spread of Western rationalist ideas, believing instead in the necessity of a return to purely Russian ideals. In place of reason and materialism, Dostoevsky wants to offer the Christian ideals of love and self-sacrifice, showing that the liberals miss these entirely. Dostoevsky also implicitly attacks the liberals’liberals’ tendency to blame Russia’sRussia’s problems on anything but themselves, insisting that human beings must take responsibility for themselves. The Underground Man demonstrates the absurdity of refusing responsibility most clearly, as he attempts to blame his depravity not on himself but on the laws of nature and on his own consciousness.
Altshuler, Roman. “Notes from Underground Study Guide.” GradeSaver, 1 July 2000 Web. 22 October 2019.
Crime and Punishment (1866)
Summary Courtesy of Wikipedia
Crime and Punishment focuses on the mental anguish and moral dilemmas of Rodion Raskolnikov, an impoverished ex-student in Saint Petersburg who formulates a plan to kill an unscrupulous pawnbroker for her money. Before the killing, Raskolnikov believes that with the money, he could liberate himself from poverty and go on to perform great deeds. However, once it is done, he finds himself racked with confusion, paranoia, and disgust for what he has done. His ethical justifications disintegrate completely as he struggles with guilt and horror and confronts the real-world moral consequences of his deed.
This content is from Wikipedia. Please use discretion, do not consider this content academic or citable. This summary is offered as a layman’s introduction to Crime and Punishment.
The Idiot (1868–1869)
Summary Courtesy of GradeSaver.com
Despite the fact that the story told in The Idiot does get bogged down by needless plot complications, at heart, the story is one of theme. What would happen in the modern world if a figure of goodness and light in the mold of Jesus Christ should appear? How would a society raised to worship the image of Christ through the teachings of religion actually treat someone who manifested those qualities which make Jesus so unique as a human? It is precisely because of the deep and universal resonance of this theme that The Idiot has been even more popular for adaptation by other artists than more well-know and better constructed Dostoevsky novels like Crime and Punishment and The Brothers Karamazov.
Sexton, Timothy. “The Idiot Background.” GradeSaver, 23 October 2017 Web. 22 October 2019.
Demons (1871–1872)
Summary Courtesy of GradeSaver.com
Demons is the sixth novel written by Fyodor Dostoevsky and published in 1871-1872. It’sIt’s one of the most politicized novels, which Dostoevsky wrote under the impression from the occurrence of shoots of the terrorist and radical movements among the Russian intellectuals and people not of noble birth. The immediate prototype of the plot of the novel was Ivan Ivanov, a murdered a student, whose case caused a great resonance in society and was planned by S. G. Nechayev in order to strengthen his power in the revolutionary terrorist group. The novel reflects the phenomenon of political life of the country that struck all people – “Nechaevism.”
Marchyn, Aleksei. “Demons Background”. GradeSaver, 12 June 2016 Web. 22 October 2019.
The Brothers Karamazov (1879–1880)
Summary Courtesy of Wikipedia
The Brothers Karamazov is a passionate philosophical novel set in 19th-century Russia that enters deeply into the ethical debates of God, free will, and morality. It is a spiritual drama of moral struggles concerning faith, doubt, judgment, and reason, set against a modernizing Russia, with a plot that revolves around the subject of patricide. Dostoevsky composed much of the novel in Staraya Russa, which inspired the primary setting. Since its publication, it has been acclaimed as one of the supreme achievements in world literature.
This content is from Wikipedia. Please use discretion, do not consider this content academic or citable. This summary is offered as a layman’s introduction to The Brothers Karamazov.
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